Titanium is a strong and lightweight refractory metal. It is a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength. Titanium is also formidable in its resistance to corrosion by both water and chemical media.It does this by forming a thin layer of titanium dioxide (TiO2) on its surface that is extremely difficult for these materials to penetrate.Having a low modulus of elasticity means that titanium is not also very flexible, but returns to its original shape after bending, resulting in its importance to shape memory alloys. Titanium is non-magnetic and biocompatible (non-toxic, non-allergenic), which has led to its increasing use in the medical field. An ideal biomaterial is expected to exhibit properties such as a very high biocompatibility, that is, no adverse tissue response. Also, it must have a density as low as that of bone, high mechanical strength and fatigue resistance, low elastic modulus and good wear resistance. It is...
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